What is Ginkgo biloba?

Veröffentlicht am: October 15, 2024
Irina  Fink
Irina Fink

Naturopath

Ginkgo Biloba, often referred to as a "living fossil", is a remarkable plant with a history that stretches back millions of years. Its impressive longevity is just one of the aspects that has attracted the attention of scientists and health experts. The powerful health benefits offered by this plant have made it an important part of traditional medicine and an increasingly important area of modern health research. From boosting cognitive function to supporting vision and hearing to maintaining mental health, Ginkgo Biloba has much to offer.

 


The resilience of the ginkgo tree is reflected in the medicinal properties of the extract. It is believed that the same robustness and adaptability that has allowed the tree to survive for so long also gives it its powerful health benefits.


Contents

Ginkgo Biloba effect

What is Ginkgo biloba?

Ginkgo biloba(Salisburia adiantifolia) is a natural extract from the leaves of the Chinese ginkgo tree, also known as the fan leaf tree. Ginkgo is one of the oldest tree species in the world with a long history in traditional Chinese medicine. Members of the royal court were given ginkgo seeds to treat old age. Ginkgo was also used to treat asthma, bronchitis and kidney and bladder problems.

According to Traditional Chinese Medicine and recent clinical studies, Ginkgo biloba is safe, effective and beneficial to the body in many ways. It has a protective effect against cell damage and oxidative stress. In Chinese herbal medicine, ginkgo has been used since ancient times for a variety of conditions, particularly circulatory disorders and memory loss.

What ingredients make Ginkgo Biloba so valuable?

Ginkgo biloba is a medicinal plant whose effectiveness is due to two main components: flavonoids and terpenoids. Both have strong antioxidant properties that can combat oxidative stress and slow down the progression of age-related diseases. They protect cells from free radical damage and can therefore prevent numerous health problems and chronic diseases. The benefits of ginkgo are particularly associated with brain functions such as concentration, memory and mental performance. It is also believed that ginkgo increases the uptake of glucose into brain cells, which improves the transmission of nerve signals.

1. flavonoids 

Flavonoids are plant antioxidants and have been shown to protect nerves, heart muscle, blood vessels and the retina from damage in laboratory experiments and animal studies.

2. terpenoids

Terpenoids improve blood flow by dilating blood vessels and reducing the stickiness of blood platelets. They support brain activity, development, detoxification mechanisms and immune function.

3. 6-Hydroxykynurenic acid

6-hydroxykynurenic acid is a compound that plays an important role in regulating our mood and sleep.

4. bilobalide

Studies have shown that bilobalide is one of the most important substances in ginkgo that contributes to the protection of mitochondria. Bilobalide also directs important brain growth factors and prevents the cell death of amyloid proteins, which prevents Alzheimer's disease. Interestingly, other compounds found in ginkgo appear to enhance the effectiveness of bilobalide. Improved brain function, protection against Alzheimer's and even a longer life are some of the possible benefits bilobalide offers.

5. ginkgolide A

Is a highly active molecule that acts against PAF. It has great potential in a variety of inflammatory or immune diseases.

6. ginkgolide B

The terpenoid ingredients contained in Ginkgo biloba, such as ginkgolide B, have a positive effect on the brain vessels by improving blood circulation, reducing the stickiness of blood platelets, dilating the blood vessels and improving the transport of oxygen and glucose to the brain.

7. ginkgolide C

Ginkgolide C is a flavone extracted from the leaves of the plant. There are numerous reports on the biological functions of this substance. It has been shown that ginkgolide C increases fat burning and inhibits fat formation in fat storage cells.

10 Proven benefits and effects of Ginkgo biloba

Among other things, ginkgo has a positive effect on:

  • Memory and concentration disorders
  • Cognitive decline, including dementia and Alzheimer's disease
  • Anxiety and depression
  • Tinnitus and ringing in the ears
  • PMS
  • Inflammations
  • ADHD
  • Diabetes
  • Cancer therapy

1. ginkgo biloba for memory and concentration disorders

Studies show that Ginkgo Biloba helps to alleviate memory and concentration problems. It can even be effective for more serious problems such as chronic lack of concentration and confusion , which are often accompanied by fatigue, headaches and mood swings.

The plant has an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect, which means that it protects the body from harmful molecules and improves blood flow. These properties are particularly important for mental health.

A study of healthy adults by the Institute of Medical Psychology at the University of Munich has shown that ginkgo improves mental health and quality of life. Participants reported better mental and emotional health with no side effects, suggesting that ginkgo is safe and can help improve our mental abilities.

Another clinical double-blind study showed that taking ginkgo extract improves memory performance. Specifically, ginkgo increases the speed at which information is retrieved from short-term memory.

Ginkgo for the memory

2. ginkgo biloba for cognitive decline

Although ginkgo is not completely curative, it has been shown to help people whose cognitive abilities are declining. This also applies to dementia and Alzheimer's patients.

Studies show that ginkgo improves cognitive performance and memory in both younger and older adults. In particular, it helps people who suffer from age-related brain disorders.

Some studies investigated the effectiveness of ginkgo in Alzheimer's patients who were already receiving standard treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors. When individual groups additionally took ginkgo preparations for at least one year, significant differences in quality of life were found compared to the control group that did not take ginkgo. 

Some studies have even shown that ginkgo in combination with antipsychotics can successfully support the treatment of patients with schizophrenia or other severe mental disorders.

The plant can also improve the cognitive performance of patients with multiple sclerosis - making it a potential herbal therapeutic agent for this disease. 

3. ginkgo biloba and its effect on the psyche in anxiety and depression

If you suffer from chronic stress, anxiety, depression or mood swings that affect your quality of life, ginkgo can help. Research shows that ginkgo helps the body cope with stressors and counteracts the effects of elevated stress hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline.

A study published in the Journal of Psychiatric Research , which involved both younger and older adults, showed that ginkgo helps to improve thinking skills, boost mood and alleviate anxiety symptoms. Another study found that the stress-relieving effect of ginkgo is due to certain compounds known as ginkgolides. These act by reducing the activity of certain receptors in the adrenal cortex. 

Ginkgo is known as an adaptogenic plant that helps the body to react appropriately to stress and to cope with problems and worries. Ginkgo therefore helps with general anxiety disorders, panic attacks and social phobias. The plant also has a mood-enhancing effect.

Ginkgo is particularly effective in combination with Panax ginseng. The adaptogenic properties are enhanced and relieve stress-related tension.

4. ginkgo biloba for tinnitus and ringing in the ears

Tinnitus refers to the phenomenon of "phantom noises" in the ear, which can sound like ringing, hissing, buzzing or whistling. These noises can be perceived in one or both ears and can be so loud that they impair the ability to concentrate and the quality of life. In most cases, these noises are caused by problems in different parts of the ear. In rare cases, diseases of the blood vessels or the inner ear bone can be the cause.

Tinnitus can also be a symptom of various conditions, such as age-related hearing loss, earwax, stress, depression, Meniere's disease, temporomandibular joint disorders and head or neck injuries.

Treatment for tinnitus always depends on the underlying cause and may include hearing aids, white noise machines, antidepressants, alternative therapies such as hypnosis and acupuncture, and complementary remedies such as zinc, lipoflavonoids and ginkgo.

Ginkgo is often used to treat tinnitus as it improves blood circulation. In a study with miners, ginkgo extract was found to significantly improve tinnitus symptoms (such as ringing or whistling in the ears) when combined with conventional therapies. The treatment also improved the management of noise-induced hearing loss.

In another study, the oral intake of ginkgo extract in combination with infusion therapy showed an improvement in the symptoms associated with tinnitus.

Other successful applications of ginkgo include the treatment of patients with acute idiopathic (unknown cause) sudden deafness . A higher dosage of the active ingredient was able to accelerate the recovery of these patients. In addition, ginkgo extract proved to be as effective as pentoxifylline (a drug that promotes blood circulation and improves hearing) in the treatment of patients who had suffered sudden hearing loss.

5. ginkgo biloba supports the preservation of vision and improves eye health

Ginkgo has a positive effect on eye health. The plant improves blood circulation in the eyes and combats damage caused by free radicals, which would otherwise damage the cornea, macula and retina. Older people in particular benefit from the preservation of vision and the reduction of UV damage or oxidative stress in the eye tissue.

Scientists have discovered that ginkgo can effectively reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration. This is due to the platelet-activating substances it contains and its protection against membrane damage caused by free radicals. Researchers suspect that vascular factors and oxidative damage are primarily responsible for vision loss and other age-related eye diseases. Plants and herbs with antioxidant effects such as ginkgo help to prevent this damage.

  • Effect of ginkgo on glaucoma

Glaucoma, also known as glaucoma, is a serious eye disease caused by increased pressure in the eye that impairs vision. There is some evidence that ginkgo biloba can help with glaucoma, but research in this area is still ongoing.

The potential benefits of ginkgo for glaucoma may be due to its effect on blood flow. It is thought that better blood circulation can help to reduce pressure in the eye and protect the nerve cells in the eye that can be damaged by glaucoma.

Ginkgo for eye health

6. ginkgo biloba for PMS and menopausal symptoms

Research results show a positive effect of ginkgo on women with PMS symptoms. Common symptoms such as mood swings, headaches, anxiety, fatigue and muscle pain could be alleviated by taking ginkgo extract. In addition, ginkgo improves the mood of menopausal women and contributes to their general well-being.

A 2008 study published in the Journal of Alternative and Complimentary Medicine compared the effects of ginkgo on women. The participants were given ginkgo extract for 6 months. Both groups (including the placebo group) showed a reduction in the severity of physical and psychological symptoms. However, the reduction was greater in the ginkgo group (15%).

7. ginkgo biloba as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory

Ginkgo Biloba is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. As an antioxidant, ginkgo can help neutralize harmful molecules known as free radicals. These free radicals can cause cell damage and are involved in many chronic diseases and the aging process. By neutralizing these molecules, ginkgo can help protect the body from their harmful effects.

Ginkgo can also help to reduce inflammation in the body. Inflammation is a natural response of the immune system to injury and disease, but it can also become chronic and lead to health problems. By reducing this inflammation, ginkgo can help lower the risk of diseases associated with chronic inflammation, such as heart disease and certain cancers.

8. ginkgo for ADHD

Researchers have studied the effectiveness of ginkgo as part of certain combination therapies and found that it can alleviate the symptoms associated with ADHD. Patients reported improved concentration. Memory and task performance also improved.

Researchers from the Center for Medicine, Society and Prevention at the University of Tübingen found in a study that the symptoms of patients with ADHD improved after taking a ginkgo extract. The symptoms also decreased in children who took 240 mg of ginkgo extract daily over a period of three to five weeks.

A study by the Isfahan University of Medical Science in Iran tested ginkgo as an add-on treatment to methylphenidate (Ritalin). In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the researchers examined 66 children aged 6 to 12 years with diagnosed ADHD. The children were divided into two groups. One group received ginkgo in addition to Ritalin, the other a placebo. The results showed that the children who also took ginkgo experienced significant improvements in their symptoms.

9. ginkgo in diabetes and for the prevention of late diabetic complications

Ginkgo biloba is effective in the treatment of patients with initial kidney problems due to diabetes:

  • Reduces albumin excretion in the urine
  • regulates blood lipid levels
  • Improves kidney function

Ginkgo extract can, for example, help to lower blood sugar levels by stimulating the pancreas, which leads to increased insulin secretion. Diabetics (type 2) were given 120 mg of ginkgo extract daily for three months. This led to an improved metabolism of insulin and other blood sugar-lowering drugs in the liver, which lowered blood sugar levels.

Diabetics suffering from pancreatic insufficiency benefited the most. Ginkgo does not appear to increase the production of beta cells, but improves the absorption of existing insulin by the liver. This reduces high insulin levels.

Taking ginkgo extract improved the secretion rate of the liver, insulin-induced glucose metabolism and blood sugar levels in patients with insulin-independent diabetes.

10. ginkgo supports cancer therapy

Ginkgo is also suitable for the supportive treatment of cancer.

Research results:

  • Ginkgo promotes the self-destruction of cancer cells in the human body by regulating cell division. This results in a protective effect against liver cancer.
  • Ginkgo develops a strong therapeutic effect in the treatment of cancer associated with fibrosis.
  • Ginkgo scavenges free radicals, which shows its antioxidant effect on cancer.
  • Ginkgo is effective in the treatment of cancer caused by many carcinogens (substances that cause cancer in living tissue).
  • Ginkgo enhances the effect of radiotherapy in the treatment of cancer.
  • Ginkgo helps to shrink cancerous tumors.
  • In a pilot study with cancer patients, ginkgo extract showed a protective effect against ototoxicity caused by cisplatin.
  • Ginkgo extract also showed a preventive effect against breast cancer in human breast cancer cells (independent of estrogen receptors).

How should Ginkgo Biloba be taken?

The effects of Ginkgo Biloba can vary depending on the amount you take - larger amounts can provide stronger results. However, you should always follow the recommended dosage instructions.

Depending on the specific symptoms, the recommended amount can be between 40 and 400 mg per day. Some people reported that a daily dose of around 40 mg helped to relieve their pain and nervousness. Other studies have shown that a daily dose of around 120 mg can bring about cognitive improvements. Higher doses may be helpful in older people and in patients with hormonal imbalances, inflammation-related symptoms, cognitive problems and mood swings.

How long does it take for ginkgo to take effect?

It may take four to six weeks before you notice the first results. So be patient. While some people notice the effects of ginkgo more quickly, for most people it takes some time before they notice the positive effects of ginkgo.

What side effects can occur when taking Ginkgo Biloba?

Side effects occur only rarely and only in mild forms. The University of Maryland Medical Center lists stomach discomfort, headaches, skin reactions and dizziness as the most common side effects associated with taking ginkgo supplements. Other side effects include nausea, diarrhea, restlessness and vomiting. Theoretically, the risk of bleeding also increases, especially in people suffering from certain diseases.

Please note that the side effects listed here are dose-dependent. So if you know how much you are allowed to take, you will most likely not experience any side effects. The key is to stick to the recommended amounts. This will ensure you get all the benefits ginkgo has to offer.

Who is ginkgo not suitable for?

  • Children
  • People with an increased tendency to bleed: Do not use ginkgo if you have an increased tendency to bleed or suffer from seizure disorders.
  • Pregnant and breastfeeding women: Ginkgo should not be taken by pregnant or breastfeeding women.
  • Patients taking medication with a blood-thinning effect.

What factors have an influence on the side effects of Ginkgo biloba?

Various factors influence the extent of side effects after taking a ginkgo preparation. These are as follows:

1. type of ginkgo preparation

Obviously, many side effects are related to the type of ginkgo preparation taken. It is therefore important to find out about the manufacturing process of the product. This is the only way to assess which side effects could occur. In addition, the side effects often depend on the form of the preparation, i.e. whether you use it as a capsule, tablet, gel or extract. This also influences the degree of absorption in the body.

2. dosage

The higher the dose, the more serious the side effects. At a lower dose, most people do not notice any side effects; at a higher dose, they may experience dizziness and headaches. People who take higher doses are more likely to experience side effects.

3. time period

The length of time also plays a role in whether you may be affected by side effects. If you take it for a short time, you may initially experience side effects, but these will disappear after a few weeks. 

4. interactions

Herbal remedies can interact with different medications. Side effects are more likely to occur if you take ginkgo together with alcohol, drugs or blood thinners.

5. genetic predisposition and behavioral patterns

Many side effects only occur with a certain genetic predisposition, hormone levels, sleep patterns or certain diets. This ensures that one person notices side effects, while someone else who takes exactly the same dose has no side effects at all

Can allergic reactions be caused by taking ginkgo?

Allergic reactions to ginkgo are mainly due to the ginkgolic acid it contains. The leaves of ginkgo contain long-chain alkylphenols, which are highly allergenic. People who are allergic to poison ivy and other plants that contain alkylphenols should avoid ginkgo altogether. The University of Maryland Medical Center advises against consuming ginkgo fruit or seeds.


A ginkgo preparation is considered safe if it contains less than 5 ppm ginkgolic acid. The Ginkgo biloba product from Herbano is ginkgolic acid-free!


What interactions can occur when taking Ginkgo biloba?

Although Ginkgo biloba is generally considered safe, certain precautions should be taken when taking it, similar to other herbal remedies.

  • Bleeding: A few patients taking Ginkgo biloba have reported bleeding. Therefore, the extract may interact with anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents. Ginkgo could also impair the healing process after surgical procedures or serious injuries, as it promotes blood circulation.
  • Medication: Interactions with other medicines or associated risks should always be taken into account. For example, the combination of ginkgo with ibuprofen can increase the risk of internal bleeding.
  • Blood thinners: Side effects may occur in patients with circulatory problems or after taking blood thinners such as aspirin.
  • Antidepressants: Anyone taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) should avoid ginkgo, as the plant inhibits monoamine oxidase and thus weakens the effect of the antidepressants. Ginkgo can also increase the effect of other antidepressants (MAO inhibitors). The combination of ginkgo and SSRIs can increase the risk of potentially fatal serotonin syndrome. SSRIs are drugs such as Prozac, fluoxetine and sertraline, also known as Zoloft.

 

 

Ginkgo Biloba effect

 

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