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Naturopath
L-carnosine is formed from two amino acids: Alanine and histidine (or beta-alanyl-L-histidine) and is naturally present in our body in muscles, tissues, heart, brain, liver and kidneys. Carnosine is known to reverse the signs of aging in senescent cells.
The substance is a super antioxidant and has various very high effects. These include
In reality, there are many factors that contribute to us ageing (for example, free radicals causing damage or hormonal changes), but of all the things that make us 'old', two stand out that until now have been completely untouchable:
The Hayflick limit is named after the doctor who discovered it more than 50 years ago. What it describes is that all cells only have a limited capacity to divide in the course of our lives. This capacity or the corresponding number varies depending on the cell type; in any case, in the early adult stage, half of the possible cell divisions are used up, as we call it - "senescent".
In the middle of our lives, only 20 - 39 % of the possible divisions are left - at this point, ageing sets in until death finally arrives.
Cell senescence is the last step before the cell dies. Although senescent cells are still alive and still actively participate in metabolism, they can no longer divide. And what is almost more important: senescent cells show all the characteristics of advanced age that bother us so much - such as the visible difference between the soft skin of a child and the wrinkled skin of older people.
Senescent cells take on extremely unusual shapes, no longer arrange themselves in parallel strands, show a granular appearance and deviate from their normal size and shape. This distorted appearance, called a "senescent phenotype", is accompanied by a deterioration in cell function, which until recently was thought to be irreversible. But carnosine works against it.
L-carnosine was discovered in Russia in the early 1990s. As L-carnosine was mainly researched by Russian scientists, it was largely unknown in the western world.
In the meantime, however, a number of studies and experiments have been carried out in other parts of the world that have confirmed the Russian research results.
As already mentioned, ageing has something to do with damage to cellular proteins. Carnosine protects against this in at least two ways:
These two processes are important for anti-ageing therapies.
Crucially, carnosine not only prevents the formation of harmful protein compounds, but actually reverses them and thus restores the normal function of the cell membrane.
A series of experiments conducted in Australia proved that carnosine can rejuvenate cells approaching senescence.
When the scientists transferred senescent cells into a culture containing carnosine, they observed how these cells showed a rejuvenated appearance and often also an increased ability to divide.
When switching several times between the carnosine culture and the standard culture, it was observed that the carnosine culture restored the juvenile cell phenotype within DAYS.
The remarkable result of the study showed that L-carnosine can actually REVERSE the signs of aging in senescent cells.
In addition, the carnosine culture increased the lifespan of the cell - even in old cells. When the researchers transferred old cells that had already undergone 55 division cycles into the carnosine culture, they survived up to 70 divisions - in contrast to the cells that were not transferred, which only survived between 57 and 61 divisions.
This means an increase of almost 25 % in the number of cell divisions in each cell. In terms of lifespan, the increase is even an astonishing 300%. The carnosine cells reached a lifespan of 413 days, whereas the cells in the control group only reached between 126 and 139 days.
A new Russian study on mice has shown that animals given carnosine were twice as likely to reach their maximum lifespan as untreated animals.
Carnosine also significantly reduced the external signs of ageing. In fact, it made the mice look younger. 44% of the mice treated with carnosine had a young, shiny coat even in old age, in contrast to only 5% of the untreated mice.
Carnosine has the remarkable ability to slow down endogenous processes that are out of control and speed up those that are slow or incomplete. For example, carnosine thins the blood of people whose blood tends to clot excessively and, conversely, increases blood clotting in people with a low clotting factor.
Carnosine also appears to have the ability to normalize brain wave functions.
Saccharification" or protein glycation is the uncontrolled reaction of sugar with proteins. It is similar to the caramelization of sugar through heating. In fact, glycation occurs when excess sugar caramelizes the proteins in your body, so to speak. This is an important factor in the ageing process - and extremely dangerous for diabetics in particular.
The human body is largely made up of proteins. Proteins are the substances that are crucial for its daily functioning. Therefore, anything that negatively affects proteins has a dramatic impact on bodily functions and physical appearance.
Studies show that carnosine is effective against forms of harmful protein changes such as wrinkled skin, cataracts or the destruction of our nervous system in general.
Carnosine has been shown to reduce or prevent cell damage caused by beta-amyloid, one of the main risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. Beta-amyloid leads to nerve damage and damage to the blood vessels in the brain. Carnosine blocks beta-amyloid and renders it inactive. It thus protects nerve tissue against dementia.
This is also due to the fact that L-carnosine repairs cells that have been damaged by harmful protein compounds.
The level of carnosine in our body is directly related to the length and quality of our lives. And as it decreases with age, the additional intake of carnosine is one of the most effective weapons against the ravages of time.
Carnosine is primarily taken to protect against the long-term effects of ageing.
Some experts recommend doses of between 50 and 100 mg of carnosine per day. Others claim that it is necessary to take between 1,000 and 1,500 mg per day, as the body converts the first 500 mg immediately. However, the crucial fact ignored by many experts is that dosages are always individual, depending on the person and their circumstances.
Examples:
Studies have shown that carnosine is safe in doses of 70, 80 or even 100 g per day, although a small number of people have experienced slight muscle tremors even at small doses of 1,000 mg.
Basically, however, take as much as you need and you will have no side effects - only benefits.
Sources (in English):
Boldyrev, A. A., Stvolinsky, S. L., Tyulina, O. V., Koshelev, V. B., Hori, N. & Carpenter D. O. (1997, April). Biochemical and physiological evidence that carnosine is an endogenous neuroprotector against free radicals. Cellular and Molecular Neruobiology, 17(2):259-71
Amashita, S., Sato, M., Matsumoto, T., Kadooka, K., Hasegawa, T., Fujimura, T. et al. (2018, April). Mechanisms of carnosine-induced activation of neuronal cells. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 82(4):683-688, doi: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1413325
Saunders, B., DE Salles Painelli, V., DE Oliveira, L. F., DA Eira Silva, V., DA Silva, R. P., Riani, L. et al. (2017, May). Twenty-four Weeks of β-Alanine Supplementation on Carnosine Content, Related Genes, and Exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 49(5):896-906, doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001173
Elbarbary, N. S., Ismail, E. A., El-Naggar, A. R., Hamouda, M. H. & El-Hamamsy, M. (2018, May). The effect of 12 weeks carnosine supplementation on renal functional integrity and oxidative stress in pediatric patients with diabetic nephropathy: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Pediatric Diabetes, 19(3):470-477, doi: 10.1111/pedi.12564
BAnerjee, S., Ghosh, T. K. & Poddar, M. K. (2015, December). Carnosine reverses the aging-induced down regulation of brain regional serotonergic system. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, 152:5-14, doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2015.09.002
Hipkiss, A., R., Baye, E. & De Courten, B. (2016, November). Carnosine and the processes of ageing. Maturitas, 93:28-33, doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.06.002
Banerjee, S. & Poddar, M. K. (2016, April). Aging-induced changes in brain regional serotonin receptor binding: Effect of Carnosine. Neuroscience, 319:79-91, doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.01.032
Boldyrev, A. A., Aldini, G. & Derave, W. (2013, October). Physiology and Pathophysiology of carnosine. Physiological Reviews, 93(4):1803-45, doi: 10.1152/physrev.00039.2012
Hyaluronic acid prevents the loss of collagen and moisture.
The best natural remedy for the care of connective tissue, skin & joints
Stop skin ageing and prevent wrinkles with carnosine.